Buku Geografi 2 Kelas 11 SMA

Materi Geografi 2

KATA SAMBUTAN .......................................................................................iii
KATA PENGANTAR.................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI..................................................................................................... v

BAB 1 PERSEBARAN FLORA DAN FAUNA DI PERMUKAAN
BUMI.................................................................................................. 1
A . Fenomena Biosfer..................................................................... 2
1 . Pengertian Fenomena Biosfer ......................................... 2
2 . Lapisan Biosfer.................................................................. 4
B. Persebaran Flora dan Fauna di Permukaan bumi ............ 5
1 . Persebaran Flora di Permukaan Bumi .......................... 1 0
2 . Persebaran Fauna di Permukaan Bumi ........................ 1 5
C . Persebaran Flora dan Fauna di Indonesia .......................... 1 6
1 . Persebaran Flora di Indonesia ........................................ 1 8
2 . Persebaran Fauna di Indonesia ...................................... 2 1
3 . Biota Laut ........................................................................... 2 2
4 . Kerusakan Flora dan Fauna di Indonesia ................... 2 2
5 . Konservasi Keanekaragaman Flora dan Fauna di
Indonesia ............................................................................ 2 6
Uji Kompetensi ......................................................................... 3 0

BAB 2 DINAMIKA ANTROPOSFER ....................................................... 3 3
A . Fenomena Antroposfer........................................................... 3 4
1 . Demografi dan Ilmu Kependudukan ........................... 3 6
2 . Pertumbuhan Penduduk di Dunia ................................ 3 7
B. Penduduk Berdasarkan Umur dan Jenis Kelamin ............ 4 0
1 . Menghitung Jumlah Penduduk ..................................... 4 1
2 . Komposisi Penduduk Menurut Umur dan Jenis
Kelamin............................................................................... 4 2
C . Menghitung Pertumbuhan Penduduk Suatu Wilayah .... 4 6
1 . Pertumbuhan Penduduk Alami ..................................... 4 6
2 . Pertumbuhan Penduduk Total ....................................... 4 7
3 . Angka Kelahiran............................................................... 4 8
4 . Angka Kematian ............................................................... 4 9
5 . Pertumbuhan Penduduk................................................. 5 1
6 . Proyeksi Penduduk ........................................................... 5 1
D . Menghitung Kepadatan Penduduk...................................... 5 2
1 . Kepadatan Penduduk Berdasarkan Faktor Fisiologis ... 5 4
2 . Kepadatan Penduduk Berdasarkan Faktor Bologis ... 5 5
3 . Kepadatan Penduduk Berdasarkan Kebudayaan
dan Teknologi .................................................................... 5 5
E. Angkatan Kerja ........................................................................ 5 5
1 . Menghitug Angkatan Kerja ............................................ 5 6
2 . Pengangguran................................................................... 5 7
F. Masalah Kependudukan Di Indonesia................................ 5 7
1 . Jumlah dan Laju Pertumbuhan Penduduk ................. 5 8
2 . Persebaran Penduduk yang Tidak Merata .................. 5 8
3 . Mobilitas Penduduk......................................................... 5 9
4 . Rendahnya Kualitas Penduduk ..................................... 6 0
G. Menyajikan Informasi Kependudukan Melalui Peta,
Tabel, Dan Grafik..................................................................... 6 2
1 . Penyajian Data Penduduk dengan Peta...................... 6 3
2 . Penyajian Data Penduduk dengan Grafik.................. 6 3
Uji Kompetensi ......................................................................... 6 7
ULANGAN BLOK 1 ..................................................................... 6 9

BAB 3 PERSEBARAN DAN PEMANFAATAN SUMBER
DAYA ALAM.................................................................................. 7 3
A . Pengertian Sumber Daya Alam ............................................ 7 4
B. Potensi Sumber Daya Alam dan Persebarannya .............. 7 5
1 . Sumber Daya Alam yang Dapat Diperbaharui
(Renewable Resources) ........................................................ 7 6
2 . Sumber Daya Alam yang Tidak Dapat
Diperbaharui (Unrenewable Resources) ......................... 9 1
C . Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam Berdasar Prinsip
Berwawasan Lingkungan dan Berkelanjutan................... 1 0 0
1 . Kerusakan Sumber Daya Alam ..................................... 1 0 1
2 . Pembangunan Berwawasan Lingkungan................... 1 0 3
3. Pencemaran........................................................................ 1 0 4
D . Pemanfaatan Sumber daya Alam Secara Eko-efisien...... 1 0 5
1 . Prinsip Eko-efisiensi Dalam Memenuhi Kebutuhan
Sumber Energi ................................................................... 1 0 6
2 . Contoh Pemanfaatan Energi Alternatif....................... 1 0 8
Uji Kompetensi ......................................................................... 1 1 1

BAB 4 LINGKUNGAN HIDUP ................................................................ 1 1 3
A . Pengertian Lingkungan Hidup ............................................. 1 1 4
B. Ekosistem ................................................................................... 1 1 5
1 . Jaringan Interaksi Unsur-Unsur Lingkungan............. 1 1 6
2 . Kualitas Lingkungan ........................................................ 1 1 9
C . Pemanfaatan Lingkungan Hidup ......................................... 1 2 0
1. Tanah.................................................................................. 1 2 2
2 . Air ................................................................................... 1 2 5
3 . Laut dan Pesisir ................................................................. 1 2 7
4 . Udara .................................................................................. 1 2 8
D . AMDAL ..................................................................................... 1 3 0
1 . Prosedur Operasional AMDAL ..................................... 1 3 2
2 . Komponen-Komponen AMDAL................................... 1 3 3
3. Manfaat AMDAL............................................................. 1 3 4
Uji Kompetensi ......................................................................... 1 3 6
ULANGAN BLOK 2 ....................................................................................... 1 3 9
UJI KOMPREHENSIF .................................................................................... 1 4 4

DAFTAR PUSTAKA...................................................................................... 1 4 9
DAFTAR GAMBAR ....................................................................................... 1 5 0
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................. 1 5 2
GLOSARIUM ................................................................................................... 1 5 3
INDEKS ............................................................................................................. 1 6 0