Buku Geografi Kelas 11 SMA

Materi Geografi

Kata Sambutan .............................................................................................. iii
Kata Pengantar ............................................................................................. iv
Daftar Isi ......................................................................................... v
Daftar Gambar ......................................................................................... vii
Daftar Tabel ......................................................................................... vii

Bab 1 KEANEKAAN FLORA DAN FAUNA DI PERMUKAAN BUMI............... 1
A. Faktor-faktor Geografi yang Memengaruhi Perubahan Flora
dan Fauna ....................................................................................... 2
B. Jenis serta Persebaran Flora dan Fauna di Dunia .......................... 4
C. Persebaran Flora dan Fauna di Indonesia ...................................... 14
D. Jenis dan Persebaran Flora dan Fauna di Indonesia ...................... 15
E. Usaha-usaha Pelestarian Flora dan Fauna .................................... 19
F. Daerah-daerah Perlindungan Flora dan Fauna di Indonesia ........... 20
G. Konsep Cagar Biosfer .................................................................... 26
Rangkuman ......................................................................................... 28
Soal-soal Latihan .................................................................................... 29

Bab 2 SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA.................................................................... 33
A. Pengertian Antroposfer ................................................................... 34
B. Kuantitas Sumber Daya Manusia ................................................... 34
C. Penyebaran dan Kepadatan Penduduk ........................................... 36
D. Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia ...................................................... 45
E. Mobilitas Penduduk......................................................................... 45
Rangkuman ......................................................................................... 49
Soal-soal Latihan .................................................................................... 50

Bab 3 POTENSI SUMBER DAYA ALAM DAN PEMANFAATANNYA.............. 55
A. Jenis-jenis Sumber Daya Alam ....................................................... 56
B. Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Alam .................................................. 61
Rangkuman ......................................................................................... 79
Soal-soal Latihan .................................................................................... 80

Bab 4 LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DAN PELESTARIANNYA................................ 83
A. Pemanfaatan Lingkungan Berkelanjutan ....................................... 84
B. Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup ....................................................... 104
Rangkuman ............................................................................................ 113
Soal-soal Latihan .................................................................................... 114
Glosarium...................................................................................................... 117
Indeks............................................................................................................ 120
Daftar Pustaka ............................................................................................... 121

DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar Halaman
1.1 Biosfer & tumbuhan ......................... 2
1.2 Relief............................................... 3
1.3 Peredaran bumi pada porosnya....... 4
1.4 Mekanisme pembentukan................ 5
1.5 Bioma gurun pasir ............................ 7
1.6 Binatang khas gurun pasir ............... 7
1.7 Padang rumput................................ 8
1.8 Hewan khas padang rumput............. 8
1.9 Bioma hutan basah .......................... 9
1.10 Hewan khas hutan basah................. 9
1.11 Hutan gugur................................... 10
1.12 Hewan khas hutan gugur............... 10
1.13 Bioma taiga ................................... 10
1.14 Hewan khas taiga .......................... 10
1.15 Tundra di musim panas.................. 11
1.16 Hewan khas tundra........................ 11
1.17 Peta persebaran bioma.................. 11
1.18 Bioma air tawar .............................. 12
1.19 Habitat laut .................................... 13
1.20 Habitat pantai................................ 13
1.21 Peta persebaran curah hujan ......... 1 5
1.22 Anggrek......................................... 16
1.23. Pohon jati ...................................... 16
1.24. Vegetasi hutan bakau .................... 17
1.25 Vegetasi sabana............................ 17
1.26 Burung hantu, hewan khas Asia .... 17
1.27 Kuskus .......................................... 18
1.28 Komodo ......................................... 18
1.29 Batas garis Weber dan Wallace .... 18
1.30 Peta persebaran fauna................... 19
1.31 Taman nasional di Jawa................. 20
1.32 Taman nasional di Sumatra ........... 22
1.33 Taman nasional di Kalimantan ....... 22
1.34 Taman nasional di Sulawesi ........... 23
1.35 Taman nasional di Bali ................... 24
1.36 Taman nasional di Papua............... 25Gambar Halaman
2.1 Peta kepadatan penduduk............. 37
2.2 Peta kepadatan penduduk dunia .... 3 8
2.3 Contoh negara............................... 41
2.4 Keluarga kecil ................................ 44
3.1 Skema pembagian......................... 57
3.2 Hewan ternak................................. 58
3.3 Bagan Pembagian Bahan Induk ..... 6 0
3.4 Pemanfaatan sungai...................... 62
3.5 Waduk Jatiluhur............................. 62
3.6 Potensi laut sebagai ...................... 63
3.7 Kincir angin .................................... 63
3.8 Peta persebaran minyak bumi ....... 64
3.9 Tambang minyak............................ 64
3.10 Tambang batu bara........................ 65
3.11 Tambang gas alam......................... 65
3.12 Peta sumber daya alam ................. 65
3.13 Tambang emas.............................. 66
3.14 Tambang bauksit............................ 68
3.15 Batu gamping................................ 69
3.16 Pencucian pasir kuarsa ................. 69
3.17 Hutan yang masih alami ................ 71
3.18 Pertanian (sawah).......................... 72
3.19 Sapi brahmana .............................. 72
4.1 Proses pemanasan Global.............. 8 7
4.2 Pencemaran Udara ......................... 9 0
4.3 Pencemaran Air Sungai.................. 9 0
4.4 Kondisi tanah yang tercemar .......... 9 0
4.5 Banjir di Jakarta .............................. 9 1
4.6 Longsor tanah................................. 9 1
4.7 Harimau Sumatra ............................ 9 2
4.8 Kerusakan hutan di Kab.Bandung ... 9 2
4.9 Upaya menangani erosi.................. 9 3