Buku IPA Terpadu VII Kelas 7 SMP

Materi IPA Terpadu VII

KATA SAMBUTAN ............................................................................................................................................... iii
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................................................................ iv
PENDAHULUAN .................................................................................................................................................. vi

BAB 1 BESARAN FISIKA DAN PENGUKURAN ....................................................................................... 1
A. Besaran Fisika dan Satuan ................................................................................................. 3
B. Pengukuran Besaran Fisika ............................................................................................... 13
C. Suhu dan Pengukurannya ................................................................................................. 21
D. Memperhatikan dan Menerapkan Keselamatan Kerja
dalam Pengukuran .............................................................................................................. 25
Uji Kompetensi 1 .............................................................................................................................. 27

BAB 2 ASAM, BASA, DAN GARAM ........................................................................................................... 31
A. Sifat-Sifat Asam, Basa, dan Garam ............................................................................... 33
B. Identifikasi Asam, Basa, dan Garam ............................................................................... 40
C. Penentuan Skala Keasaman dan Kebasaan................................................................. 44
Uji Kompetensi 2 ............................................................................................................................. 49

BAB 3 UNSUR, SENYAWA, DAN CAMPURAN ....................................................................................... 51
A. Unsur dan Lambang Unsur ............................................................................................... 53
B. Rumus Kimia ........................................................................................................................... 57
C. Sifat-Sifat Unsur, Senyawa, dan Campuran ................................................................. 58
D. Perbedaan Antara Senyawa dan Campuran ............................................................... 62
Uji Kompetensi 3 ............................................................................................................................. 63

BAB 4 ZAT DAN WUJUDNYA ..................................................................................................................... 65
A. Zat dan Perubahan Wujudnya ......................................................................................... 67
B. Menafsirkan Susunan dan Gerak Partikel pada Berbagai
Wujud Zat Melalui Penalaran ........................................................................................... 71
C. Membedakan Kohesi dan Adhesi Berdasarkan Pengamatan .............................. 73
D. Kapilaritas ............................................................................................................................... 75
E. Massa Jenis dan Pengukurannya .................................................................................... 76
F. Penggunaan Konsep Massa Jenis dalam Kehidupan Sehari-Hari ....................... 83
Uji Kompetensi 4 ............................................................................................................................. 86

BAB 5 PEMUAIAN .......................................................................................................................................... 91
A. Pemuaian Zat Padat ............................................................................................................. 93
B. Pemuaian Zat Cair ................................................................................................................ 98
C. Pemuaian pada Gas ............................................................................................................. 100
D. Penerapan Prinsip Pemuaian Zat dalam Kehidupan Sehari-Hari ........................ 103
Uji Kompetensi 5 ............................................................................................................................. 107

BAB 6 KALOR .................................................................................................................................................. 111
A. Pengertian Kalor ................................................................................................................... 113
B. Kalor dapat Mengubah Suhu Benda ............................................................................. 114
C. Kalor dapat Mengubah Wujud Zat ................................................................................. 121
D. Perpindahan Kalor ................................................................................................................ 133
E. Pemanfaatan Kalor dalam Kehidupan Sehari-Hari ................................................... 140
Uji Kompetensi 6 ............................................................................................................................. 142

BAB 7 SIFAT ZAT DAN PEMISAHAN CAMPURAN ............................................................................... 145
A. Sifat Zat .................................................................................................................................... 147
B. Pemisahan Campuran ......................................................................................................... 148
Uji Kompetensi 7 ............................................................................................................................. 156

BAB 8 PERUBAHAN MATERI DAN REAKSI KIMIA ................................................................................ 159
A. Materi dan Perubahannya ................................................................................................. 161
B. Reaksi Kimia ............................................................................................................................ 165
C. Ciri-Ciri Reaksi Kimia ............................................................................................................ 170
D. Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Reaksi Kimia ..................................................... 174
Uji Kompetensi 8 .............................................................................................................................. 179
EVALUASI AKHIR SEMESTER GASAL ........................................................................................................... 181

BAB 9 PENGAMATAN GEJALA BIOTIK DAN ABIOTIK ......................................................................... 185
A. Pengertian Biologi dan Cabang Biologi ....................................................................... 187
B. Kerja Ilmiah ............................................................................................................................. 187
C. Pengamatan Gejala Biotik dan Abiotik ......................................................................... 193
Uji Kompetensi 9 ............................................................................................................................. 195

BAB 10 GERAK .................................................................................................................................................. 197
A. Pengertian Gerak .................................................................................................................. 199
B. Jarak dan Perpindahan ....................................................................................................... 200
C. Kecepatan dan Kelajuan .................................................................................................... 201
D. Percepatan .............................................................................................................................. 203

E. Gerak Lurus ............................................................................................................................. 205
F. Penerapan GLB dan GLBB dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari ...................................... 211
Uji Kompetensi 10 .......................................................................................................................... 214

BAB 11 MIKROSKOP DAN KESELAMATAN KERJA ................................................................................. 217
A. Mikroskop dan Jenis-Jenisnya ........................................................................................ 219
B. Bagian-Bagian Mikroskop dan Cara Penggunaannya ............................................. 222
C. Keselamatan Kerja ................................................................................................................ 230
Uji Kompetensi 11 .......................................................................................................................... 236

BAB 12 KEANEKARAGAMAN MAKHLUK HIDUP ................................................................................... 239
A. Ciri-ciri Makhluk Hidup ....................................................................................................... 241
B. Keanekaragaman Makhluk Hidup .................................................................................. 245
C. Tata Cara Pemberian Nama Ilmiah ................................................................................. 246
D. Klasifikasi Makhluk Hidup.................................................................................................. 250
Uji Kompetensi 12 .......................................................................................................................... 267

BAB 13 ORGANISASI KEHIDUPAN............................................................................................................. 271
A. Sel ............................................................................................................................................... 273
B. Jaringan .................................................................................................................................... 279
C. Organ ........................................................................................................................................ 284
D. Sistem Organ .......................................................................................................................... 286
Uji Kompetensi 13 .......................................................................................................................... 289

BAB 14 EKOSISTEM ........................................................................................................................................ 291
A. Komponen Ekosistem ......................................................................................................... 293
B. Satuan-Satuan dalam Ekosistem .................................................................................... 297
C. Hubungan Antarkomponen Ekosistem ........................................................................ 300
D. Manusia dan Lingkungan .................................................................................................. 306
E. Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup ..................................................................................... 307
Uji Kompetensi 14 ........................................................................................................................... 317
EVALUASI AKHIR SEMESTER GENAP ............................................................................................................ 320
SIMBOL ALFABETIS ........................................................................................................................................... 324
INDEKS ................................................................................................................................................................ 329

GLOSARIUM ......................................................................................................................................................... 334
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .............................................................................................................................................. 339
KUNCI JAWABAN ............................................................................................................................................... 342
BIOGRAFI PENULIS ............................................................................................................................................ 344