Buku Kimia Jilid 2 Kelas 11 SMK

Materi Kimia Jilid 2

KATA PENGANTAR.............................................................. iv
DAFTAR ISI............................................................................. v

JILID 1
1 MATERI DAN WUJUDNYA ..................................... 1
1.1 Materi ............................................................................ 1
1.2 Perubahan Fisika dan Kimia ...................................... 3
1.3 Wujud Materi ............................................................... 5
1.4 Hukum Keadaan Standar ........................................... 13
1.5 Hukum Gas Ideal ......................................................... 13
2 STRUKTUR ATOM .................................................... 23
2.1 Partikel-Partikel Dasar Atom ..................................... 24
2.2 Nomor atom, nomor massa, isotop, isobar dan isoton32
2.3 Elektron Dalam Atom.................................................. 34
2.4 Perkembangan Model Atom ....................................... 43
2.5 Perkembangan pengelompokan unsure..................... 46
2.6 Sifat periodik unsure ................................................... 52
3 STOIKHIOMETRI...................................................... 63
3.1 Konsep mol ................................................................... 63
3.2 Penerapan Hukum Proust........................................... 68
4 IKATAN KIMIA.......................................................... 75
4.1 Elektron dan Ikatan Aturan Oktet ............................ 76
4.2 Ikatan Ion ..................................................................... 77
4.3 Ikatan Kovalen ............................................................. 79
4.4 Polaritas Ikatan Kovalen............................................. 81
4.5 Sifat senyawa ion dan senyawa kovalen..................... 83
4.6 Ikatan Kovalen Koordinat .......................................... 83
4.7 Penyimpangan Aturan Oktet ...................................... 84
4.8 Struktur Lewis ............................................................. 84
4.9 Ikatan Logam ............................................................... 85
5 LARUTAN .................................................................... 89
5.1 Pendahuluan ................................................................. 90
5.2 Larutan Elektrolit ........................................................ 91
5.3 Konsentrasi Larutan.................................................... 92
5.4 Stoikiometri Larutan ................................................... 94
5.5 Sifat Koligatif Larutan ................................................ 96
5.6 Hasil Kali Kelarutan .................................................... 102
5.7 Kelaru tan ...................................................................... 103
6 KOLOID ....................................................................... 107
6.1 Pendahuluan ................................................................. 107 6.2
Pengelompokan Koloid................................................ 109
6.3 Sifat-Sifat Koloid.......................................................... 110
6.4 Koloid Liofil dan Koloid Liofob ................................. 112
6.5 Pemisahan Koloid ........................................................ 115
6.6 Pembuatan Kolid ......................................................... 117
7 KESETIMBANGAN.................................................... 121
7.1 Definisi .......................................................................... 122
7.2 Karakteristik keadaan kesetimbangan ...................... 123
7.3 Macam-macam Sistem Kesetimbangan ..................... 124
7.4 Konstanta Kesetimbangan .......................................... 124
7.5 Hukum Guldberg dab Wange..................................... 125
7.6 Beberapa Hal yang Harus Diperhatikan ................... 126
7.7 Azas Le Chatelier ......................................................... 128
7.8 Faktor-faktor yang Dapat Menggeser Letak
Kesetimbangan ............................................................. 130
7.9 Hubungan Antara Harga Kc Dengan Kp .................. 133
7.10 Dissosialisasi ................................................................. 136
8 TERMOKIMIA............................................................ 141
8.1 Definisi .......................................................................... 141
8.2 Pengukuran Energi dalam Reaksi Kimia .................. 143
8.3 Panas Reaksi dan Termokimia ................................... 144
8.4 Entalpi (H) dan Perubahan Entalpi ( ¨H) .................. 146
8.5 Istilah yang Digunakan pada Perubahan Entalpi..... 147
8.6 Hukum Hess mengenai jumlah panas ........................ 148
8.7 Panas Pembentukan..................................................... 153
8.8 Keadaan Standard ....................................................... 154
8.9 Kapasitas panas dan panas spesifik ........................... 157
8.10 Kalorimetri ................................................................... 157
8.11 Energi Ikatan Dan Entalphi Reaksi ........................... 158
9 ELEKTROKIMIA ....................................................... 167
9.1 Reaksi Redoks .............................................................. 168
9.2 Harga Bilangan Oksidasi ............................................ 170
9.3 Langkah-langkah penyetaraan reaksi redoks ........... 170
9.4 Penyetaraan persamaan reaksi red oks ...................... 171
9.5 Perbedaan Oksidasi Reduksi ...................................... 172
9.6 Sel Elektrokimia ........................................................... 173
10 KINETIK KIMIA ........................................................ 193
10.1 Definisi Laju Reaksi..................................................... 194
10.2 Hukum Laju ................................................................. 196
10.3 Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kecepatan Reaksi........................................................................................ 196
10.4 Teori Tumbukan .......................................................... 202