Buku Biologi 3 Kelas 12 SMA

Materi Biologi 3

KATA SAMBUTAN ........................................................................................ iii
KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................... iv
PETUNJUK PENGGUNAAN BUKU ............................................... ... v
DAFTAR ISI ...................................................................................................... vi

BAB 1 PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN
PADA TUMBUHAN ........................................................................ 1
A. Pengertian Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Tumbuhan .......... 3
B . Pengaruh Faktor Luar (Eksternal) terhadap
Pertumbuhan Tumbuhan .................................................................. 5
C. Pengaruh Faktor Dalam (Internal) terhadap
Pertumbuhan Tumbuhan .................................................................. 10
D. Terjadinya Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Tumbuhan .......... 14
UJI KOMPETENSI..................................................................................... 32

BAB 2 METABOLISME ................................................................................ 33
A. Metabolisme ........................................................................................ 36
B . Komponen-Komponen yang Berperan dalam Metabolisme ...... 39
C. Katabolisme ......................................................................................... 45
D. Anabolisme .......................................................................................... 52
E . Hubungan antara Metabolisme Karbohidrat, Lemak,
dan Protein .......................................................................................... 58
F. Teknologi yang Berkaitan dengan Metabolisme Makanan ........ 60
UJI KOMPETENSI..................................................................................... 66

BAB 3 MATERI GENETIKA ....................................................................... 67
A. Kromosom ........................................................................................... 69
B . Gen ........................................................................................................ 74
C. Alel dan Alel Ganda .......................................................................... 77
D. DNA ...................................................................................................... 79
E . RNA ...................................................................................................... 85
F. Sintesis Protein ................................................................................... 87
G. Kode Genetik...................................................................................... 90
UJI KOMPETENSI..................................................................................... 98

BAB 4 PEMBELAHAN SEL........................................................................ 99
A. Pembelahan Mitosis ........................................................................... 101
B . Pembelahan Meiosis ........................................................................... 106
C. Gametogenesis.................................................................................... 112
D. Keterkaitan antara Pembelahan Mitosis dan Meiosis
dengan Pewarisan Sifat ..................................................................... 117
UJI KOMPETENSI..................................................................................... 122

BAB 5 PEWARISAN SIFAT ........................................................................ 123
A. Pola-Pola Hereditas........................................................................... 125
B . Penyimpangan Semu Hukum Mendel ............................................ 138
C. Hereditas Pada Manusia ................................................................... 151
D. Manfaat Genetika............................................................................... 161
UJI KOMPETENSI..................................................................................... 166

BAB 6 MUTASI .............................................................................................. 167
A. Pengertian Mutasi .............................................................................. 169
B . Macam-Macam Mutasi ....................................................................... 188
C. Mutagen ............................................................................................... 192
UJI KOMPETENSI..................................................................................... 200
ULANGAN BLOK 1 ........................................................................................201

BAB 7 EVOLUSI............................................................................................ 203
A. Teori Evolusi ....................................................................................... 205
B . Macam-Macam Evolusi ...................................................................... 211
C. Mekanisme Evolusi ............................................................................ 212
D. Spesiasi ................................................................................................. 221
E . Sejarah Evolusi Manusia .................................................................... 223
F. Petunjuk Adanya Evolusi .................................................................. 227
G . Teori Asal-Usul Kehidupan .............................................................. 233
H . Teori Kecenderungan Evolusi .......................................................... 238
UJI KOMPETENSI..................................................................................... 248

BAB 8 BIOTEKNOLOGI .............................................................................. 249
A. Pengertian Bioteknologi .................................................................... 251
B . Bioteknologi Tradisional (Konvesional)........................................ 253
C. Bioteknologi Modern ........................................................................ 255
D. Bioteknologi dengan Menggunakan Mikroorganisme ............... 256
E . Bioteknologi dengan Menggunakan Rekayasa Genetika ........... 268
F. Bioteknologi dengan Menggunakan Jaringan Tumbuhan .......... 274
G . Bioteknologi Pertanian...................................................................... 279
H . Dampak Bioteknologi bagi Kehidupan .......................................... 283
UJI KOMPETENSI..................................................................................... 288
ULANGAN BLOK 2 ........................................................................................289
KUNCI JAWABAN .......................................................................................... 293

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................... 295
DAFTAR GAMBAR DAN TABEL ............................................................... 296
GLOSARIUM .................................................................................................... 299
INDEKS SUBJEK DAN PENGARANG ..................................................... 303