Buku Teknik Pembenihan Krustacea Kelas 11 SMK

Materi Teknik Pembenihan Krustacea

 KATA PENGANTAR ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ i
DAFTAR ISI ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... ii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. v
DAFTAR TABEL ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ vii
PETA KEDUDUKA N BAHAN AJAR ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... viii
GLOSARIUM ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... x

I. PENDAHULUAN ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 1
A. Deskripsi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 1
B. Prasyarat ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 2
C. Petunjuk Penggunaan ................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 3
D. Tujuan Akhir ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 5
E. Kompetensi Inti dan Kompetensi Dasar ................................ ................................ ............... 5
F. Cek Kemampuan Awal ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 8

II. PEMBELAJARAN ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 11
A. Deskripsi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 11
B. Kegiatan Belajar ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 11
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 11
2. Uraian Materi ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 12
3. Refl eksi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 54
4. Tugas ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 56
5. Tes Formatif ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 56
C. PENILAIAN ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 57
4. Penilaian Laporan Observasi ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 68

Kegiatan Pembelajaran 2. ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 70
Pengelolaan Wadah dan Media Pembenihan Krustacea ................................ .................... 70
A. Deskripsi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 70
B. Kegiatan Belajar ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 70
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 70
2. Uraian Materi ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 71
3. Refleksi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 93
4. Tugas ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 94
5. Tes Formatif ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 94
C. PENILAIAN ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 95

Kegiatan Pembelajaran 3. ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 108
Pengelolaan Induk Krustacea ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 108
A. Deskripsi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 108
B. Kegiatan Belajar ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 108
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 108
2. Uraian Materi ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 109
3. Refleksi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 152
4. Tugas ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 154
5. Tes Formatif ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 154
C. PENILAIAN ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 155

Kegiatan Pembelajaran 4. Pemijahan Krustacea ................................ ................................ ..168
A. Deskripsi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 168
B. Kegiatan Belajar ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 168
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 168
2. Uraian Materi ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 168
3. Refleksi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 196
4. Tugas ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 197
5. Tes Formatif ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 197
C. Penilaian ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 198

Kegiatan Pembelajaran 5. Penan ganan Telur ................................ ................................ ........ 211
A. Deskripsi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 211
B. Kegiatan Belajar ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 212
1. Tujuan pembelajaran ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 212
2. Uraian materi ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 212
3. Refleksi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 234
4. Tugas ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 235
5. Tes Formatif ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 235
C. Penilaian ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 236

III. PENUTUP ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................... 250
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 251

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1. Contoh peta topografi ...........................16
Gambar 2 . Bak pemeliharaan induk ..................33
Gambar 3 . Bak Pemelihara an Larva ...................35
Gambar 4. Bak kultur plankton................... 37
Gambar 5. Wadah penetasan Artemia sp ....................37
Gambar 6. Bak sedimentasi: (a) tanpa sekat; ..........................38
Gambar 7. Bak filter ..............39
Gambar 8 . Generator ....................41
Gambar 9. Pompa celup dan pompa air.................... 41
Gambar 10. Blower........................... 42
Gambar 11. Desai n dan tata letak hatchery krustasea ....................53
Gambar 12 . Penataan selang aerasi pada bak................... 83
Gambar 13. Bak sedimentasi yang bersekat – sekat ...................85
Gambar 14 . Bak penyaringan dengan sistem gravitasi ...................86
Gambar 15 . Sirkulasi Air Laut untuk Skala Pembenihan .........................87
Gambar 16 . Mesin ozon..................... 89
Gambar 17 . Ikan, Udang dan kepiting .....................109
Gambar 18. Rajungan dilihat dari berbagai arah ..................................112
Gambar 19 . Morfologi udang windu .....................115
Gambar 20 . Telikum ............119
Gambar 21 . Petasma ........................119
Gambar 22 . Morfologi udang vannamei ...................121
Gambar 23 . Alat kelamin ud ang vannamei :................... 123
Gambar 24 . Morfologi udang galah ........................125
Gambar 25 . Udang galah: (a). Jantan; (b). betina................. 129
Gambar 26 . Morfologi lobster air tawar ..............131
Gambar 27 . Cherax quadricarinatus.................................. 132
Gambar 28 . Induk lobster: (a). Jantan; (b). Betina ......................1..33
Gambar 29 . Morfologi Kepiting ............................135
Gambar 30 . Abdomen kepiting bakau: (a). J antan; (b). Betina .........................136
Gambar 31 . Morfologi Rajungan........................ 138
Gambar 32 . Ablasi mata pada induk udang ....................149
Gambar 33 . Pengamatan gonad induk jantan secara histologi ...............171
Gambar 34 . Pengamatan proses oogenesis secara histologi ..................172
Gambar 35 . Perkembangan tingkat kematangan gonad .................174
Gambar 36 . Udang dengan ovarium yang sudah berkembang .........................175
Gambar 37 . Tingkat Kematangan Gonad Induk Udang Galah ........................177
Gambar 38 . Kopulasi induk jantan dan betina ...................179
Gambar 3 9. Pergantian kulit ( Moulting ) .................180
Gambar 40 . Telikum (genital) in duk betina .................181
Gambar 41 . Proses kopulasi lobster.................. 182
Gambar 42 . Kopulasi udang galah .......................183
Gambar 43 . (a). Induk jantan dipenuhi sperma; ................184
Gambar 44 . Fase perkawinan pada induk udang ................185
Gambar 45 . Proses kopulasi induk rajungan ...................186
Gambar 46 . Bagian – bagian telur: ..............................188
Gambar 47 . Pemijahan induk secara alami (telur berserakan)................. 189
Gambar 48 . Karakteristik telur ikan berdasarkan kulit luarnya ................................215
Gambar 49 . Telur udang ...............216
Gambar 50 . Telur kep iting ................217
Gambar 51 . Pembelahan sel ..............221
Gambar 52 . Tahapan morula ..................222
Gambar 53 . Stadia blastula...................... 223
Gambar 54 . Tahapan gastrula ..........................224
Gambar 55 . Tahapan perkembangan telur....................... 225
Gambar 56 . Organogenesis ............................226
Gambar 57 . Perubahan warna telur udang ...................230