Buku Alat Mesin Pertanian Kelas 10 SMK

Materi Alat Mesin Pertanian

KATA PENGANTAR ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... i
DAFTAR ISI ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................... ii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... iv
PETA KEDUDUKAN BAHAN AJAR ................................ ................................ ................................ .... viii
GLOSARIUM ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. ix

I. PENDAHULUAN ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 1
A. Deskripsi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 1
B. Prasyarat ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 2
C. Petunjuk Penggunaan ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 3
D. Tujuan Akhir Pembelajaran ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 3
E. Kompetensi Inti dan Ko mpetensi Dasar ................................ ................................ .................... 4
F. Cek Kemampuan Awal ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 5

II. PEMBELAJARAN ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 6
Kegiatan Pembelajaran 1. Mengoperasikan alat dan mesin produksi pertanian laboratorium, klimatologi, penyimpanan dan prosesing ...................... 6
A. Deskripsi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 6
B. Kegiatan Pembelajaran ................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 6
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 6
2. Uraian Materi ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 7
3. Refleksi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 160
4. Tugas ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 161
5. Tes Formatif ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 162
C. Penilaian ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 163

Kegiatan Pembelajaran 2. Perawatan alat dan mesin produksi pertanian, laboratorium, klimatologi, penyimpanan dan prosesing sesuaiprosedur. ...................... 165
A. Deskripsi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 165
B. Kegiatan Pembelajaran ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 165
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 165
2. Uraian Materi ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 166
3. Refleksi ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 206
4. Tugas ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 207
5. Tes Formatif ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 208
C. Penilaian ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 213

III. PENUTUP ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 215
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 216

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1 . Pemeriksaan bahan bakar ................................ ................................ ............................. 14
Gambar 2 . Pemeriksaan oli mesin ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 14
Gambar 3 . Memeriksa saringan bahan bakar ................................ ................................ .............. 15
Gambar 4 . Memeriksa saringan udara ................................ ................................ ............................ 16
Gambar 5 . Pemeriksaan Tuas Kopling Kemudi ................................ ................................ ........... 16
Gambar 6 . Kenampakan ban ................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 17
Gambar 7 . Tempat pemeriksaan oli transmisi ................................ ................................ ........... 17
Gambar 8 . Pemeriksaan V -belt ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 18
Gambar 9 . Memeriksa belt kipas radiator ( fan belt ) ................................ ................................ . 18
Gambar 10 . Kran Bahan Bakar ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 20
Gambar 11 . Posisi Tuas Kopling Utama ................................ ................................ ......................... 20
Gambar 12 . Engkol starter mesin ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 21
Gambar 13 . Indikator oil ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 21
Gambar 14 . Arah tuas gas pada posisi stop ................................ ................................ .................. 22
Gambar 15 . Menjalankan Traktor dija ................................ ................................ ............................ 23
Gambar 16 . Menjalankan traktor di lahan ................................ ................................ .................... 24
Gambar 17 . Panel Traktor Tangan ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 27
Gambar 18 . Posisi Traktor pada Jalan Menanjak ................................ ................................ ....... 28
Gambar 19 . Traktor Roda Empat Satu Gardan ................................ ................................ ........... 31
Gambar 20 . Traktor Rantai ( crawler )................................ ................................ ................................ .. 32
Gambar 21 . Selang Penduga Bahan Bakar ................................ ................................ .................... 33
Gambar 22 . Pemeriksaan Oli Mesin ................................ ................................ ................................ 34
Gambar 23 . Pemeriksaan Air Radiator ................................ ................................ ............................. 34
Gambar 24 . Saringan Udara Tipe Kering ................................ ................................ ....................... 35
Gambar 25 . Lubang Pemasukan Oli pad aB ox Transmisi ................................ ......................... 36
Gambar 26 . Pemeriksaan air accu ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 36
Gambar 27 . Posisi Naik Traktor (dari sebelah kiri traktor) ................................ ............................. 39
Gambar 28 . Posisi traktor pada waktu berbelok maju dengan trailer ............................... 42
Gambar 29 . Posisi traktor pada waktu berbelok maju tanpa trailer ................................ .. 44
Gambar 30 . Posisi traktor berbelok mundur dengan trailer ................................ ................. 45
Gambar 31 . Traktor Pada Saat Menanjak ................................ ................................ ...................... 46
Gambar 32 . Posisi ganjal ban ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 47
Gambar 33 . Pengolahan tanah dengan bajak singkal ................................ ............................... 51
Gambar 34 . Bottom plow 4 singkal (bajak singkal 2 arah) ................................ .................... 52
Gambar 35 . Bajak Singkal Rolling Co ulter ................................ ................................ ..................... 53
Gambar 36 . Hasil Pembajakan dengan Menggunakan Bajak Singkal ................................ . 54
Gambar 37 . Bagian -bagian disc plow (bajak piringan) ................................ ............................ 55
Gambar 38 . Hasil Pembajakan dengan Menggunakan Bajak Piring ( Disc Plow ) ............ 55
Gambar 39 . Bajak piringan ( disc plow ) ................................ ................................ ........................... 55
Gambar 40 . Bajak rotary tipe vertikal ................................ ................................ ............................ 57
Gambar 41 . Bajak Rotari Tipe Tarik Berpenggerak PTO ................................ ......................... 58
Gambar 42 . Bajak Rotary Tipe Kebun Berpenggerak Sendiri ................................ ............... 58
Gambar 43 . Garu piring aksi tunggal ................................ ................................ ............................... 60
Gambar 44 . Garu piring aksi ganda ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 60
Gambar 45 . Garu paku ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 62
Gambar 46 . Garu pegas ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 62
Gambar 47 . Garu Rotari Cangkul ( Rotary Hoe Harrow ) ................................ ........................... 63
Gambar 48 . Garu Rotari Silang (Rotary Cross Harrow) ................................ ........................... 63
Gambar 49 . Proses pengolahan tanah dengan bajak rotari ................................ ................... 64
Gambar 50 . Pola Tengah ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 69
Gambar 51 . Alur balik hasil pengolahan ................................ ................................ ........................ 69
Gambar 52 . AlurPada Tepi Lahan ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 70
Gambar 53 . Pola Tepi ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 70
Gambar 54 . Alur Mati ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 71
Gambar 55 . Pola Keliling Tengah ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 72
Gambar 56 . Pola keliling tepi ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 72
Gambar 57 . Pola bolak balik rapat ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 73  
Gambar 58 . Alat tanam sistem baris lebar ................................ ................................ .................... 76
Gambar 59 . Alat tanam biji -bijian ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 77
Gambar 60 . Kultivator 2 baris ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 81
Gambar 61 . Alat penyebar rabuk (pupuk kandang) ................................ ................................ . 83
Gambar 62 . Pemberian pupuk cair pada permukaan tanah ................................ .................. 85
Gambar 63 . Mesin Reaper 5 row ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 89
Gambar 64 . Mesin Reaper 4 row ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 90
Gambar 65 . Mesin Reaper penggerak (mesin) sendiri ................................ ............................. 91
Gambar 66 . Mesin Binder 4 row ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 93
Gambar 67 . Mesin Combine ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 94
Gambar 68 . Pedal Trhesher ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 96
Ga mbar 69 . Salah Satu Model Power Thresher ................................ ................................ ........... 97
Gambar 70 . Lantai jemur gabah ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 98
Gambar 71 . Alat Pengering buatan tipe Flat Bed Dryer ................................ ........................... 99
Gambar 72 . Alat Pengering buatan tipe Continuous Flow Dryer ................................ ............ 99
Gambar 73 . Alat pengambilan contoh biji an "grain probe " ................................ ................. 100
Gambar 74 . Salah satu tempat penyimpanan hasil panen ................................ .................... 103
Gambar 75 . Oven listrik ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 108
Gambar 76 . Neraca analitik ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 111
Gambar 77 . Mikroskop cahaya ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 113
Gambar 78 . Inkubator Laboratorium ................................ ................................ ............................ 117
Gambar 79 . Laminar Air Flow ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 118
Gambar 80 . Labu Erlenmeyer ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 122
Gambar 81 . Autoklaf ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 124
Gambar 82 . Cawan petri (petri dish) ................................ ................................ ............................ 127
Gambar 83 . Gelas ukur ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................ 129
Gambar 84 . Alat ukur kecepatan angin (Anemometer) ................................ ......................... 133
Gambar 85 . Alat ukur lama penyinaran surya (Campbell stokes) ................................ ..... 135
Gambar 86 . Psychrometer Standard ................................ ................................ ............................. 139
Gambar 87 . Thermometer maksimum ................................ ................................ ......................... 140
Gambar 88 . Thermometer minimum ................................ ................................ ............................ 141
Gambar 89 . Thermometer apung ................................ ................................ ................................ ...143
Gambar 90 . Actinograph ................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 146
Gamb ar 91 . Barometer Jenis Anaroid ................................ ................................ ........................... 148
Gambar 92 . Pengukuran Tunggal ................................ ................................ ................................ ...149
Gambar 93 . Pengukuran Simultan ................................ ................................ ................................ .151
Gambar 94 . Penakar Hujan Jenis Hellman ................................ ................................ .................. 153
Gambar 95 . Evaporimeter Panci Terbuka ................................ ................................ ................... 158
Gambar 96 . Penyetelan tuas kopling utama ................................ ................................ ............... 168
Gambar 97 . Penyetelan rem ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 168
Gambar 98 . Penyetelan tuas kopling kemudi ................................ ................................ ............ 169
Gambar 99 . Tuas regulator motor penggerak dan tuas gas ................................ ................. 170
Gambar 100 . Penyetelan ketegangan belt radiator ................................ ................................ .171
Gambar 101 . Penyetelan stang kemudi ................................ ................................ ........................ 172
Gambar 102 . Penyetelan stang pembantu ................................ ................................ .................. 172
Gambar 103 . Penambahan pelumas saringan udara ................................ .............................. 174